TGinMS-I've read "a million" posts here, and as noted in the title to your thread, it sometimed seemed (especially early on) that I just raised more questions in my mind the more I read. But, the basic steps are not all that complicated. The "learning center" here contains some very good articles, and those "step by step" instructions can be easier to follow than trying to pick it up by reading threads.
Bottom line, almost everyone will say that you don't need a machine to apply wax or sealant, but using a Porter Cable random orbital machine will make polishing and swirl-reduction much easier and more productive. With my PC, I use a couple of types of Mequiars pads, and Mequiars polish (e.g., 80, 81, 83), but others brands are popular as well (see the marketplace here). For new paint, you might not need any swirl-reduction at this stage, but claying would probably be productive. As your car ages, marring and swirling will likely occur (although proper washing and drying will minimize/delay problems), and you should then take steps to correct those problems, using the PC.